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If a sentence contains more than three items or ideas, we recommend breaking them up into a bulleted list. Numbered Lists and Bullet Lists: Why and How? With this format, use commas after each list item and on the next-to-last list, item use the word and close the list with a . Now check your email to confirm your subscription for My Blog Editor blog alerts. 1 ). Bulleted Lists: Capitalization and Punctuation By Judy Vorfeld Did you know that before the introduction of word processing (via word processors and computers), most publications displayed lists in either outline form or numbered lists. AP Style calls for periods after each bullet point, but Texas A&M House Style allows either periods or no periods - just pick one and be consistent. Copyright 2023 Lawrence Ragan Communications, Inc. mar Girls Beginning and Intermediate Guide to AP Style. Use periods, not semicolons, at the end of each section or a phrase. This is clear, but AP doesnt fully address when to omit a period at the end of each bullet. is lowercase. How about AP? Capitalize the first word in each bullet. Chicago Style is one of the most used and respected headline capitalization methods used in journalism. The rules are fairly standard for title case: Making sure you have the right capitalization for APA headings is crucial for scholarly articles. And consistency goes a long way in creating clear, credible content. Filed Under: Writing Tagged With: AP style, APA style, Chicago style, formatting, grammar, MLA style, punctuation. Because AP recommends the colon and AP is the preferred business writing style guide, I recommend using it consistently in your business writing. To see what I mean, read the lead-in word or phrase then read the first item on the list. Gently tap the lid against a hard surface. The two major capitalization styles for headlines and titles are sentence case and title case. There are five important things to watch for in numbered and bulleted lists: inconsistent capitalization. Do you capitalize the first word of a bullet point? in Composition and Rhetoric from the University of New Hampshire. Use a rubber glove to twist the lid off. In our latest quarterly roundup of AP Style reminders, we cover back-to-school terms, travel terminology, and more. And if so, when? Bulleted lists help make information more scannable and easier to understand. I like bananas. The most accepted style guide in business writing and web publishing is the AP Stylebook. The following example demonstrates this format as well as how to include a citation for the information in the bulleted list. If your bulleted list is part of the sentence and is not preceded by a colon, treat the bullets like a part of the sentence, adhering to standard capitalization and punctuation. Regards, Julia! When writing an argumentative essay, you would typically research a topic and adopt a certain How to Punctuate and Capitalize Bullet Points. Q. This post deserves a standing ovation. For more AP style tips, watch Grammar Girls Beginning and Intermediate Guide to AP Style any time. Added standalone cities to guidance on addresses and states. Thanks for the tips. Use lowercase at all . Q: If you have a hyphen in a headline, is the word after the hyphen capitalized? The following rules apply to MLA headings: AP style capitalization is mainly used by writers for the Associated Press but is also used widely throughout journalism. Below are examples of vertical listswhich may be unnumbered, numbered, or bulletedand how to introduce, punctuate, and capitalize them. A: We follow Webster's on that term, which is lowercase. We have three punctuation issues to consider: Should the ending punctuation at the end of each bullet list be a period, a semicolon, or no punctuation? RULE: Use periods after independent clauses, dependent clauses, or long phrases that are displayed on separate lines in alist. By far, this is the most vexing punctuation issue! Lowercase indefinite and definite articles (a, an, the), coordinating conjunctions, and prepositions. But if you're following AP style, chances are you're overusing those big letters. Infants are happy to participate in normal household chores, such as cleaning up. Below is a description of the ways you can use our case converter. AP has a few punctuation rules that differ from many common style guides: Do not use a comma before the last item in a simple series ("My favorite candy includes Snickers, Twix and Zagnut bars."). A: "don't ask, don't tell" policy. Problem solved. Example: There are anumber of tags used in HTML, including: RULE: Its not necessary to use periods after short phrases or single words in alist, if the introductory statement is grammatically complete (see below) or if the listed items are like those on an inventory sheet or ashopping list. Write it. Colon Capitalize the first word after a colon only if it is a proper noun orFile Size: KB. Numbered lists (as noted on p. 64 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association) can be used to denote items in a series, such as conclusions or procedural steps. The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style . But if youre following AP style, chances are youre overusing those big letters. In this tutorial, well explore guidelines for how to write vertical lists. Sorry to pile on here, but your discussion of verb endings is inadequate. Clarity and consistency are the building blocks of great content. Bulleted lists may be comprised of complete sentences or phrases. A: The phrase suggests a contingency unlikely to come true, so use "were" for the subjunctive mood. Capitalize nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs (including phrasal verbs such as "play with"), adverbs, and subordinate conjunctions. A: AP lowercases civil rights movement. The Gregg Reference Manual uses periods only after bullets that are dependent clauses and long phrases. 7. Bulleted lists can be used with complete sentences, phrases, or a combination. Are we nitpicking punctuation with these considerations of bullet lists? in compound modifiers (e.g., Mid-year, Anti-hero, etc.). A Capitalize the first word of the title/heading and of any subtitle/subheading, Capitalize all major words (nouns, verbs including. Erin Wright, 20122023. First, it is important to note that there are four main title capitalization styles: Chicago style, APA style, MLA style, and AP style. AP follows two broad rules for capitalization: Common names are not capitalized unless part of a proper name (the river vs. the Thames River). This is why capitalization of items that make up a list of bullet points is sometimes a matter of style. For lists of fragments, short phrases, or words, capitalization is optional: As with the other optional punctuation above, though, make sure to use a consistent capitalization style throughout your writing. Numbers One through nine are spelled out, 10 and above are figures (Arabic numerals). Q: In denoting area, which is correct for numbers under 10 -- 5 acres or five acres? How to Create Bulleted Lists in Microsoft Word, How to Create and Modify Numbered Lists in Microsoft Word, How to Create Custom Bullets in Microsoft Word, Parallel StructureThe Secret to Beautiful Bullet Points. A: A few examples: Radar, Laser, NATO, OPEC. Grammar (essential vs. nonessential clauses; pronouns; subject-verb agreement ), Q: I'm confused on the use of "that" and "who" when talking about groups. After each dash, capitalize the first letter and use periods at the end of each section. A: AP lowercases wine varietals such as cabernet sauvignon and chardonnay, and caps regional names such as Bordeaux, Sauternes and Chablis. They look good. [M zmp0&BLp$UPd67Z9Ha{0gPY "nG~h%rls 'wdt;:^2i+>f9V%EQ)j2"^e\KP"TiNc-((V A&N+E}E;SnIP How to punctuate bullet lists can be tricky because various style guides contradict each other. Capitalize the first word of the title/heading and of any subtitle/subheading. in English from the University of Rhode Island, an M.A. . Unsubscribe at any time. The Chicago Manual of Style. A: AP lowercases those descriptive titles. In business writing, yes, use a colon at the end of the introductory stem sentence. How will ChatGPT affect the communications profession? See APA 7, Section 6.52 for examples and more information. She holds a B.A. Q: What is AP's style on the military's don't ask, don't tell policy? I like apples. No italics. The Best 2023 AP Style Cheat Sheet Every Writer Needs (Free Download) Ben Sailer Content. So nice to hear the positive feedback! The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA style) recommends only using complete sentences for vertical numbered list items, not incomplete sentences as shown above.6, Unordered lists are united by commonality rather than rank or sequence. These aren't always the same abbreviations the mail carrier uses. Thanks! The individual list items following the complete sentence are usually lowercased if they arent complete sentences themselves. Thanks for the catch! Capitalization is a style choicewith sentence fragments, you can choose to start each with either upper- or lower-case letters. Capitalize words with four or more letters (including conjunctions and prepositions). Next, read the lead-in word or phrase again followed by the second item on the list. If checked, quotes will be output as straight quotes. A colon adds emphasis, too. A: In a simple series, AP doesn't use a comma before the last item. Capitalization (proper nouns: America; proper names: Democratic Party; popular names: Indy 500; compositions: books, movies, operas ). Clean windows with a newspaper and . That's . Bullet points. The buttons at the bottom let you choose specific case conversion options for the various styles. If you left caps lock on accidentally, you can quickly convert your title from uppercase to lowercase by selecting the lower button above. Q: Is there a standard AP style for bulleted areas of text? Alternatively, you can use our tool to convert text from lowercase to uppercase by clicking the UPPER button. In general, capitalize formal titles used directly before a name. Right you are. Important Note: If you follow The Associated Press Stylebook (AP style), see the Style Guide Alert at the bottom of this post for clarification on AP styles recommendations for unordered lists, which differ from the general guidelines explained below. 2-5 p.m.) and when to use the word "to"? Its hard for some people to wrap their heads around this rule, especially if each item on the list is not a full sentence. I the word Cocaine supposed to be capitalized? Examples: House Cleaning Tips: Remove items from shelves before dusting. These include short words and conjunctions: The other major type of title capitalization standard is sentence case. Use proper punctuation for bulleted sections. The capitalization rules are as follows: Learn how to spot the 5 most common mistakes and fix them before you publish.