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(14) I know of no way of judging of the future but by the past. How does Henry attempt to connect the fate of Virginia to that of Boston, and why would he wish to make this connection? Henry does this in sentences 11 and 12. For instance, you can say that the antithesis of love isnt hate; its indifference.. Avec un partenaire, jouez les deux roles. In sentence 7 he enumerates his own ethics, stating that he must speak now or be guilty of both treason to his country and disloyalty to the majesty of heaven. This reaffirms his trustworthiness with his audience. Another function of the exordium is to explain the purpose of the speech. Henry displays an idea that the American people should fight back against the British. How does the ethical appeal in sentence 7 relate to the ethical appeal in sentence 1? Log in here. How, in this sentence, does Henry suggest that his listeners can trust him? Anyway, one reason this phrase has been immortalized is its use of antithesis. Of course, Henry does not actually suggest that the people take on this action, because he is implying that this kind of action is totally wrong. For each of your examples explain how they are intended to arouse Henrys audience. How does Henry use both parallelism and verb choice (diction) to explain that the Colonies have tried many steps to maintain peace? This indicates the courage that Henry displays by making the speech and by implication he recognizes the courage that will be necessary for his fellow delegates to take action. Cite an example from the text of each of these four purposes. In this antithesis, Henry is putting forward two radically distinct visions of America's future before his listeners and demanding that they choose between them. (5) For my own part, I consider it as nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery; and in proportion to the magnitude of the subject ought to be the freedom of the debate. An example is in sentence 57, the vigilant, the active, the brave. Henry uses this to emphasize the positive qualities of those who will take up the battle. eNotes Editorial, 5 Oct. 2020, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/where-is-antithesis-in-patrick-henry-s-speech-to-510726. How does the ethical appeal in sentence 7 relate to the ethical appeal in sentence 1? This is a persuasive speech, one intended not only to present an argument but also to persuade the audience to act. (38) Let us not, I beseech you, sir, deceive ourselves. Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. Sententia, especially useful in speeches, is an argumentative device that uses sound to sum up an argument. When Henry uses solace, he says "And judging by the past, I wish to know what there has been in the conduct of the British Ministry for the last ten years to justify those hopes with which gentlemen have been pleased to solace themselves and the house." (53) Sir, we are not weak if we make a proper use of those means which the God of nature hath placed in our power. Staking Your Claim By: Andrea Holub Both Abraham Lincoln's, "House Divided" and Patrick Henry's, "Give Me Liberty, or Give Me Death" are both powerful speeches that effectively use figurative language, rhetorical appeals, and rhetorical devices. Henry shifts tone in the beginning of this paragraph to irony, the use of language that conveys the opposite of the intended meaning. Hey fellow Linguaholics! What allusion does Henry use in sentence 9 when he says listen to the song of that siren till she transforms us into beasts? How does this allusion contribute to his argument? (3) This is no time for ceremony. The parenthesis is after these things, and Henry is referring to the Colonies attempts at reconciliation. And what have we to oppose to them? They are used in Patrick Henry's extemporaneous speech "Give Me Liberty, or Give me Death." Henry, a revolutionary leader, made this speech at the meeting of the Virginia convention on March 23, 1775. Virginia ranked among the largest, wealthiest, and most populous colonies in 1775, and her political and military support for independence would be crucial for success. The use of rhetorical analysis is very useful to make works appealing and contribute effectively to the author's purpose. The purpose of the speech is to inform the audience so they understand the main aspects of the subject matter. Share your results with your class. In sentence 7 Henry is asking them to understand that he likewise is compelled to speak based on his own sense of integrity (if he holds back, he would consider himself guilty of treason). Americans began to greatly support his political ideology. Henry points out that the British military response cannot be interpreted as anything other than a direct challenge to the Colonies. Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer, The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune. 0000005605 00000 n Would they rather ignore the situation and have dangerous outcomes (this choice is defined by the previous allusions to the sirens and Ezekiel) or instead know the truth and prepare? -To inspire: "Give me liberty or give me death" (sentence 75). Why does he make this connection? He wants the listeners to understand that there are only two options; freedom, which he is advocating, or slavery, which he knows these proud, wealthy men, many of whom are slaveholders, will not tolerate. Give me liberty, or give me death! Patrick Henry delivering his great speech on the rights of the colonies, before the Virginia Assembly, convened at Richmond, March 23rd 1775, concluding with the above sentiment, which became the war cry of the revolution. Lithograph. In this paragraph, Henry responds to the opposing argument, giving reasons to refute it. Find at least one example of hypophora in this paragraph and explain its contribution to Henry's argument. (sentence 66) Languages have always been my passion and I have studied Linguistics, Computational Linguistics and Sinology at the University of Zurich. Here they are. He again sets up a choice for his audience. So, how is this different from antithesis? He hopes the speakers before him will respect him as he respects them. Patrick Henry, the famous American Patriot, uttered the above words during a speech he gave, highlighting the main objective behind the American Revolution and explaining the lengths they were willing to go to. It's really an incredibly powerful rhetorical tool when used in this way. 35. Henry contrasts liberty and death, expressing that there is no life without liberty. Even when were not aware of it, were using many of the same rhetorical techniques Aristotle, Cicero, Abraham Lincoln, Frederick Douglass, Winston Churchill, Martin Luther King, Jr. and other greats haveemployedin public speaking. You can clearly see that there are two opposing ideas here being presented in conjunction. Find an example of Henry's return to an image of slavery at the end of this paragraph. Red Hill, The Patrick Henry National Memorial, Brookneal, Virginia. So, while words in an oxymoron might seem like they shouldnt belong together, the same cannot be said of antithesis. 16. During the age of reason, people believed in logic and appealed more to statistics and reason rather than ethics or emotion. In this paragraph Henry uses emotional appeals, language intended to create an emotional response from the audience. Henry's purpose in using this image in paragraph 3 is to explain that the Colonies failed when they attempted to fight (fight meaning argue) the British that are trying to enslave them. The following is a good example of both antithesis and parallelism: To err is human, to forgive divine. The major premise [A] is we must either fight or talk to achieve results, the minor premise [B] is talking does not achieve results, and the conclusion is since talking does not achieve results we must fight. (59) If we were base enough to desire it, it is now too late to retire from the contest. Henry builds to a syllogistic argument, an appeal to logic, at the end of this paragraph. ", -Michelle Obama, speaking at the 2016 Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia. 10. You may choose words, phrases, imagery, or other language elements. Those iconic words were spoken by Neil Armstrong when his foot first touched the moon. In sentence 7 Henry is asking them to understand that he likewise is compelled to speak based on his own sense of integrity (if he holds back, he would consider himself "guilty of treason"). And he wants the members of his audience to do likewiseto take up arms in defense of American liberty against a power that has so frequently and blatantly violated it. An example of slave imagery in paragraph 3 is "they are sent over to bind and rivet upon us those chains, which the British ministry have been so long forging". (51) Shall we gather strength by irresolution and inaction? In his question, he depicts the people's lack of action towards war as "lying supinely on our backs and hugging the delusive phantom of hope, until our enemies shall have bound us hand and foot". When using parallelism, you are replicating the same exact sentence structure. In sentence 75, probably the most famous sentence from this speech, Henry uses antithesis to set up a clear contrast. To really get a feel for antithesis and to see how common it is in everyday life, here are a few common sayings and expressions that rely on this literary device. How does Henry shift from a ironic tone back to his urgent argument? Henry states that the privileges of the people will be taken away. How might the format of the Henry speech apply to current events, especially in countries and regions of political unrest? He states in sentence 44, If we wish to be free [then] we must fight! Allusions, unexplained references to other sources, are commonly based upon the Bible or mythology. On March 23, 1775, he asked the Virginia Convention to take a defensive stance immediately against Great Britain by raising an armed company in every Virginia county an action considered by many to be open treason. This was an either/or choice with nothing in between, and a traitor's death was quite likely if the patriot efforts failed. 30. Let us know your assignment type and we'll make sure to get you exactly the kind of answer you need. What is its purpose? In asking these questions Henry's purpose is to encourage the listener and emphasize his point. The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Literature and Composition: Reading, Writing,Thinking, Carol Jago, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Iggy: Chapter 8 - Care for Patients @ End of. Henry again makes a Biblical allusion in sentence 18, Suffer not yourselves to be betrayed with a kiss. Christ was betrayed by his disciple Judas through the kiss of brotherhood, which led to Christs arrest and crucifixion (Luke 22:47). (10) Is this the part of wise men, engaged in a great and arduous struggle for liberty? Will it be when we are totally disarmed, and when a British guard shall be stationed in every house?". 20. Twenty-seven days after this speech was delivered the Battles of Lexington and Concord proved Henry correct. The American Colonies were attempting to negotiate with British in 1775, and many of Henrys fellow delegates wanted to wait until these negotiations were completed before taking action. 34 0 obj <> endobj (30) And what have we to oppose to them? The false dichotomy (either-or) fallacy gives only two options with no choices in between, and Henry uses this intentionally. Interestingly, the very next lines, the ones that explain what Hamlet meant by to be or not to be also use antithesis. Why does Henry use this term? For one thing, poets tend to reveal personal parts of themselves, the parts that are usually hidden in everyday interactions yet are always lurking beneath the surface. Two hundred forty years ago today, Patrick Henry made his immortal cry, "Give me liberty or give me death!" The statement came at the end of a speech Henry made to the Virginia House of. He is linking this part of his argument to the exordium and explaining that any chance of hope no longer exists. (69) Our brethren are already in the field! How does this allusion contribute to Henrys argument? It tells us that a Green Lanterns duty is to fight evil during the best of times and the worst of times. (39) Sir, we have done everything that could be done, to avert the storm which is now coming on. Henry begins the second sentence with "but" to show he is continuing his previous thought. Henry states that he is willing to suffer a traitors death rather than be denied liberty. Find an example of asyndeton in this paragraph. Patrick Henrys Treason speech before the House of Burgesses on May 30, 1765. Give me liberty or give me death!. You can find it on YouTube. "I am not a Virginian but an American" (Henry 2). 0000002858 00000 n 22. In sentence 7 he enumerates his own ethics, stating that he must speak now or be guilty of both treason to his country and disloyalty to the "majesty of heaven." This reaffirms his trustworthiness with his audience. Antithesis is a tool that pits two opposing ideas against each other, and the result is a contrasting effect that highlights an overarching meaning. He suggests that Hope is an illusion that we ignorantly use for our own peace of mind. In 1775 American independence was not a foregone conclusion. In sentence 3 what does Henry mean when he says, "this is no time for ceremony"? Henry is saying that to listen to this call, this illusion of hope, even though it is tempting, will prove fatal and transform the Convention into something unable to reason and act (beasts). 0000000016 00000 n 12. Patrick Henry, speech to the Virginia Convention, 1775. Antithesis, defined as the arrangement of two opposing ideas side-by-side in order to contrast them, is pretty close to the definition of another literary device called juxtaposition. They feed, they move around, and some of them can think depending on which movie you are watching. However, one could argue that Patrick Henry's speech is more effective due to the fact he clearly uses different elements better in his speech. Henry lists several negotiation attempts by colonists and British responses. The purpose of the debate, of which this speech is a part, is to "arrive at truth" and fulfill the "great responsibility which we hold to God and our country" (sentence 6). "We have petitioned; we have remonstrated; we have supplicated; we have prostrated; [we] have implored" He uses the parallel structure to indicate the process by which the Colonies have taken multiple steps to resolve differences. The purpose expresses that the battle is not only for the strong people who just want to fight, but that it is for the vigilant, active and brave people who want to fight the battle for a reason. Saint Johns Church, Richmond, Virginia, where Patrick Henry delivered his famous speech. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. Peter F. Rothermel, Patrick Henrys Treason speech before the House of Burgesses, 1851. He contrasts liberty and death, concluding that without liberty death is preferable. Find an example of asyndeton in this paragraph. Henry is saying that the British are clearly preparing for war, no matter what they may protest to the contrary, and therefore, the colonists need to be prepared as well. 39. (6) It is only in this way that we can hope to arrive at truth, and fulfill the great responsibility which we hold to God and our country. 27. What is the effect of this contrast? Throughout his speech, Henry repeats that the Virginia colony is badly treated by Britain, and compares it to being enslaved. Some examples of antithesis is "give me liberty or give me death" (Henry p6) - parallel of liberty and death emphasizes difference and the other one is "there is no retreat but in submission and slavery." Henry appeal the audience with Emotional appeals (pathos). Copyright 20102022 National Humanities Center. He appeals to ethos in sentence 53 by saying we are not weak if we make a proper use of those means which the God of nature hath placed in our power. In sentence 54 he appeals to Logos and pathos by citing three millions of people (logos) armed in the holy cause of liberty (pathos), and in such a country as that which we possess (pathos, patriotism).. Do you know Patrick Henry's famous line that owes its zip to antithesis? In sentence 5, when Henry states, I consider it as nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery, he commits a logical fallacy. 29. Another comparison that is seen in the speech is correlating to King George as a siren. A 1929 Debate, The Marshall Plan Speech: Rhetoric and Diplomacy. The answer is yes, but its effect becomes much less potent. (18) Suffer not yourselves to be betrayed with a kiss. He prepares his audience by expresses the hope that they will show him the same respect when he states in sentence 2, "I hope it will not be thought disrespectful" Even though he will be speaking contrary to what has been previously presented, he reminds his audience that they are all colleagues by referring to the entire group, as in sentence 6, "we can hope to arrive at the truth.".