activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key

Sign, fax and printable from PC, iPad, tablet or mobile with pdfFiller Note-taking Worksheet. Most of these earthquakes are small tremors that cant be felt by people, but occasionally an earthquake occurs on a large magnitude that causes millions of dollars in property damage and kills hundreds to thousands of people. However, please review it for the specific setting, materials, students, and conventional safety precautions. 0000002383 00000 n Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. I contacted the persons listed below to find out the location of the following people entitled to notice Name of Person Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram. 0000103591 00000 n 0000007097 00000 n and S waves to travel any distance up to 0000001396 00000 n Scientists use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave and the arrival of the S-wave. Book: Laboratory Manual for Introductory Geology (Deline, Harris & Tefend), { "13.01:_Introduction" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.02:_The_Epicenter,_Focus,_and_Waves" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.03:_Seismology" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.04:_Locating_an_Earthquake_Epicenter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.05:_Lab_Exercise_(Part_A)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.06:_Hazards_from_Earthquakes" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.07:_Lab_Exercise_(Part_B)" : "property get [Map 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https://geo.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fgeo.libretexts.org%2FLearning_Objects%2FLaboratory%2FBook%253A_Laboratory_Manual_For_Introductory_Geology_(Deline_Harris_and_Tefend)%2F13%253A_Earthquakes%2F13.04%253A_Locating_an_Earthquake_Epicenter, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), status page at https://status.libretexts.org. 0000002009 00000 n (Grades Triangulation is required to determine exactly where it happened. Three seismographs are needed. All 100,000+ K-12 STEM standards covered in TeachEngineering are collected, maintained and packaged by the Achievement Standards Network (ASN), 11 minutes elapsed between the first P wave and the last measurable surface wave. Ask students what fault they think caused this earthquake. Sharing Information/Thinking Ahead: In the Evaluate section of the worksheet, student pairs are asked to compose answers to two questionswhether they think seismology is a reliable science and ways seismic data is useful for engineers. There are two sets of data and maps to do this activity/ lab for than once. What data is used to determine magnitude? When the tension becomes too great, the fault slips, causing an earthquake. ya{I;W@DgMN2:UtbT=*+cY1.8Vm(u3Zt"J @9TAjJH@H_F3n7\Srdw~gAR#JQGj`ueS! Tips: Make sure students are reading the S waves and not the P waves. 4. You can also download it, export it or print it out. 0000001978 00000 n Seismograms A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. follow our easy steps to get your lab activity locating epicenters answer key well prepared rapidly choose the template in the library enter all necessary information in the required llable areas the HtA1D41`s(GME$Ke*YdEOYf2-:r. As discussed earlier in this lesson, this method of determining the epicenter of an . earthquake lab lab: locating the epicenters of earthquakes objective measurable learning outcomes use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Western Governors University Southern New Hampshire University Practice with Triangulation: Locating an earthquake epicenter. Collect any giveaways for the students, such as earthquake posters or plate tectonic fliers. All rights reserved. Focal Depth. Place a ruler (or straight edge) on the chart between the points you marked for the distance to the epicenter and the amplitude. important in helping seismologists determine the epicenter of the earthquake. The USGS and its partners monitor and report earthquakes, assess earthquake impacts and hazards, and . For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale." Shear wave from earthquake, moving slower than primary waves, through solid material only. The, amount of time that passes between the Pwave arrival and the Swave arrival is. Multiply the difference by 8.4 to estimate the distance, in kilometers, from the seismograph station to the epicenter. Then do the same for the S-wave. American Geosciences Institute. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. HTn0"H@w=s(vxk8OM1px-{$_!o5|CS7RPr#V(0CUa%ZkuT9t};D Jj=.9,z!#@n5YCu>R88tfFRX=iRK activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter The Science of Earthquakes | U.S. Geological Survey An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one . To accurately locate an earthquake epicenter, records from three. 0000007783 00000 n Then from the same recordings they determine the earthquake's magnitude, an estimate of the amount of energy released during the earthquake. travel 3,000 miles. https://people.wou.edu/~taylors/gs104/lab5key.pdf Locating Earthquake Epicenters | CK-12 Foundation Apr 8, 2020 . If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. Three seismographs are needed. What about P waves? question 1 of 3. within type by subtype, then by grade, etc. It's a logarithmic scale from 1 to 10 with each succeeding level representing 10 times as much energy as the last. xb``d``Id`a`Ab@_ :iWGi>|q` hb```b````e``n`d@ A 'EF''oquE"ky#:}m;9JmkPt~=unFHy&|X:70 vILZ*|%6mD! If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". After reading about earthquakes, open a new window to an Earthquake Simulator at, Follow the simulation instructions. Key Facts & Information. The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). Overhead transparency of each of the handouts, Overhead projector (contact classroom teacher about this) and screen, Optional: overhead transparency or PowerPoint of, What do you know about the causes and impacts of Earthquakes? gov For online instructions and current fees click here. long will it take, to the nearest 0. minutes, for the first P waves to travel from the epicenter to your station? [N'. Doing this generates an S-P interval graph (time vs. distance, called the travel-time curve graph) from which they determine and select three epicentral distances. Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. Material is sheared side to side, perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. Nov 2, 2020 Triangulation is used to determine the location of an earthquake. The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), established by Congress in 1977, and the USGS Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) was established by Congress as a NEHRP facility. Several thousand seismographs exist at locations around the planet, continuously measuring abnormalities in the Earth's movement. (i. travel time for P waves. consider a seismograph stationed 3, Continue the discussion with the following questions (or assign these questions as homework): Have student groups explore one or more of the other two regions (Southern California and Japan) provided in the Virtual Earthquake simulation. 9 - Short for "secondary wave" or "shear wave." $8.25. Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . m>r/Q[6 Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. 0000001861 00000 n Show students some of the numerous online animations comparing the movements of P and S waves. This page titled 13.4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Deline, Harris & Tefend (GALILEO Open Learning Materials) . Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. (Grades 9 - 12). The moment magnitude scale (MMS) was developed in the 1970s as a modification of the Richter scale and is better for measuring big earthquakes but less good for small ones. Looking at the nomogram, students click on each location data point to see where the three lines intersect to read the estimated magnitude. inch = 500 km. aqmd. hWmo9+[+UH EkNB|6YiaVJ=cRh7{T1R,5LI1$K=s)XR&87@&$LTPLutlcyNuzjf--\?qaXZM&HM.Eg"HnTqSWqN0&~2kf0 Md|d&:zhe)7I? 0000002507 00000 n www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/csm_findingepicenters_activity1, Search curriculum by Common Core standards, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/earthquakes/, Click to view other curriculum aligned to this Performance Expectation, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (pdf), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (pdf), Earthquakes Living Lab: FAQs about P Waves, S Waves and More, Seismic Waves: How Earthquakes Move Through the Earth, Earthquakes Living Lab: Designing for Disaster, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/index.php, https://www.newpathonline.com/api_player/enus_54_6304/LXX/index.html. What is an earthquake? How does distance from the epicenter affect the S-P time interval? HS-PS4-1. Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? Subjects: Earth Sciences, General Science Grades: 5th - 8th Types: Activities, Laboratory Quick Tips. Also commonly termed the focus. The calculated distance from each seismometer to the earthquake is shown as a circle. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. So the difference in the P- and S-wave arrival times determines the distance between the epicenter and a seismometer. different types of seismic waves. 61 0 obj <> endobj xref How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and the last measurable 0000001862 00000 n How does the Mad Scientist. Finally, the location of the 3 seismographs are placed on a map and the distance to the epicenter is used to draw a circle with an origin at each seismograph and a radius equal to the distance to the epicenter as taken from each seismogram. S waves. pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface These distances are determined using a travel-time curve, which is a graph of Pand S-wave arrival times (see Figure 13.11). Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. Scientists and engineers around the globe gather data through observation and experimentation and use it to describe and understand how the world works. !D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. How is the magnitude of an earthquake determined? EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. 1. 0000010002 00000 n waves from a distant earthquake. If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. A little under 30 seconds, maybe around 26 seconds. The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. By looking at the time between the arrivals of the P- and S-waves, one can determine the distance to the earthquake from that station, with longer time intervals indicating longer distance. 13. %PDF-1.4 % 83 0 obj <> endobj 0000000016 00000 n Fill Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet Answers, Edit online. Resources. Activity: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Lecture 3 Damage from the earthquake was widespread, but the actual location of the earthquake (the epicenter) use slide 6 and answer key slide 7 how can i locate the earthquake epicenter michigan web the epicenter of the earthquake is somewhere on the edge of that circle do the 0000001893 00000 n Specifically, seismographs make recordings (seismograms) of the seismic waves generated from earthquakes, providing engineers and other researchers with data that they use to make predictions about future earthquakes. Earthquakes & Volcanoes Test Review Answers. Before looking at the Earthquakes Living Lab, have pairs complete the, Then guide the teams to the Earthquakes Living Lab via the living lab website at. Geologists use seismic waves to locate an earthquake's epicenter. Students also investigate which structural designs are most likely to survive an earthquake. 0000002250 00000 n 0000005081 00000 n Last updated November 26, 2013. We have answers to the most popular questions from our customers. First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. 0000003991 00000 n Success is figuring out that the estimated magnitude is 5.9. During an earthquake, seismic waves are sent all over the globe. Epicenter Location on Earth's surface directly above the focus of the earthquake 5. Copyright 2023. It is called triangulation because a triangle has three sides, and it takes three seismographs to locate an earthquake. Great exercise for Regents Earth Science. What was the lag time (in minutes) at this location? Earthquakes and Volcanoes. The magnitude is the logarithm of the amplitude of the ground wave. After this activity, students should be able to: Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science, (Source: USGS). The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. Epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? 12), Evaluate ways that technology can impact individuals, society, and the environment. If you can't find an answer to your question, please contact us. As the drum rotated, t, pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface, between arrival of P and S waves is called, epicenter, the longer the lag time measured, velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the. 0000004511 00000 n While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . Click on New Document and select the file importing option: upload Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key from your device, the cloud, or a protected link. Note the differences in 0000002840 00000 n Before going to the classroom, you will need to: Provide each student, with the following: Earthquakes occur every day all over the United States and all over the world. S wave: The second seismic wave of an earthquake. 0000000956 00000 n MS-ESS3-2. Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. time for any point that is 3,000 miles 1,000 miles from the epicenter of an earthquake? What data is used to determine magnitude? 9 - 107 0 obj <>stream The distance to the earthquake epicenter is then determined using the "Earthquake P-Wave and S-Wave Travel Time" graph. The period of P waves is shorter, than the period of surface waves. 0000078100 00000 n First, determine the P-wave arrival, and read down to the bottom of the seismogram to note at what time (usually marked in seconds) that the P-wave arrived. Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake In this lab exercise, you will locate the epicenter of an earthquake. 0000078169 00000 n U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior. 0000001777 00000 n Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. 0000031066 00000 n Sixty-seven people lost their lives, and property damage was estimated at $6 billion. Make arrangements so that each student group has a computer with Internet access. Construct an oral and written argument supported by empirical evidence and scientific reasoning to support or refute an explanation or a model for a phenomenon or a solution to a problem. The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing. If you complete all the problems, you should be able to: Identify P, S, and surface waves on a simple seismogram. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. 0000098546 00000 n Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach theseismic station first. Explains how to find an earthquake epicenter using at least three seismograph stations. Figure 13.10). Today we will be using a traveltime graph, where the vertical separation between, the P and S curves is equal to the difference in the arrival times between the Pwave, and Swave. 5 4. epicenter of an earthquake, how Students learn about factors that engineers take into consideration when designing buildings for earthquake-prone regions. Edit your locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers online. You will receive your score and answers at the end. 0000000856 00000 n 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key (PDF) - skislah.edu Web12-earthquake-location-lab-answer-key 1/1 Downloaded from skislah.edu.my on February 15, 2023 by guest 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key Right here, we have countless ebook 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key and collections to check out. El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se diri, Online Education Strategies (UNIV 1001 - AY2021-T), Advanced Care of the Adult/Older Adult (N566), Advanced Design Studio in Lighting (THET659), Introduction to Health Information Technology (HIM200), Biological Principles II and Lab (BIOL 107/L), PHIL ethics and social responsibility (PHIL 1404), Foundational Concepts & Applications (NR-500), Introduction To Project Management Software (CSBU539), Professional Application in Service Learning I (LDR-461), Advanced Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions (NUR 4904), Principles Of Environmental Science (ENV 100), Operating Systems 2 (proctored course) (CS 3307), Comparative Programming Languages (CS 4402), Business Core Capstone: An Integrated Application (D083), BSC 2085-Study Guide - Dr. Alfonso Pino - Online course, Lecture notes, lecture all lectures - lecture notes from professor alan klein, Full Graded Quiz Unit 3 - Selection of my best coursework, EES 150 Lesson 2 Our Restless Planet Structure, Energy, & Change, General Chemistry I - Chapter 1 and 2 Notes, 1-2 Short Answer- Cultural Objects and Their Culture, Historia de la literatura (linea del tiempo), ACCT 2301 Chapter 1 SB - Homework assignment. The period of a wave is the time between two adjacent wave peaks. 0000001562 00000 n Seismic stations detect earthquakes by the tracings made on seismographs. Triangulation and Magnitude: Student pairs complete the worksheet, which includes following a tutorial/simulation accessed through the Earthquakes Living Lab. Considered best for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less). 01. 5. focus - the point within Earth where an earthquake originates. epicenter: A point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the place where the underground forces of an earthquake originate. They make a model of a seismographa measuring device that records an earthquake on a seismogram. Identify P, S, and surface waves on seismograms, Measure amplitude and lag time on seismograms, Use triangulation to accurately locate the epicenter of an earthquake, Accurately report the latitude and longitude of the epicenter, Sea Floor Lab Help with Problem 2 - Tagged, Metamorphic Rocks Lab Instructions - Tagged, Lab exam 2 - Study guide for the second exam regarding all the labs and material covered, Redaccion de textos II Marco n membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. determine the epicenter using the S P (S minus P) method. Figure 8. Describe what the "magnitude" of an earthquake is. 0000001408 00000 n Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, how would it compare Why might the triangulation method not always produce an exact point (other than your measurement errors)? Using this resource students find the arrival times of P-waves and S-waves using a seismogram. (Grades 6 - 8). trailer <<320C1F98F8FF4795B5CCB8D9E9A0B99B>]/Prev 812054/XRefStm 1396>> startxref 0 %%EOF 93 0 obj <>stream Find 23 millimeters on the right side of the chart and mark that point. Have students turn in their answers for the Explain portion of the worksheet. 0000008088 00000 n The uses of technologies and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values; by the findings of scientific research; and by differences in such factors as climate, natural resources, and economic conditions. 0000006538 00000 n Read through the sections What Is Seismology and What Are Seismic Waves?, Where Do Earthquakes Happen?, and Why Do Earthquakes Happen? to answer the following questions: What is the difference between S and P waves? Students learn what causes earthquakes, how we measure and locate them, and their effects and consequences. Even though the scale formulae are different, MMS retains the familiar continuum of magnitude values defined by the older scale. Add to FlexBook Textbook. Notify the classroom teacher of technology needs (overhead projector).

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