As a result, the Democrats began using their newfound majority to roll back many of the social programs put in place during Reconstruction that were designed to aid the poor and African Americans. Why was the former Confederacy divided into military districts by the federal government? Compute the acceleration of the particle after 2 seconds -30. WebEvaluating Reconstruction from Multiple Perspectives Introduction The 10 year period after the Civil War is known as the Reconstruction Era. When the groups have completed their worksheets and concluded their discussion, the teacher, as Committee chairman, should lead the groups in brief presentations to the class (the Congressional Committee) highlighting their findings. The Black Codes included tactics like fines, arrests, and kidnapping to force African Americans back into bondage working on Southern farms without, technically, enslaving them. WebDuring Reconstruction, three new amendments to the Constitution redefined freedom, citizenship, and democracy in the United States. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional (Radical Republican), and then Military control (Military Reconstruction Act - South broken down into 5 military districts), Communication des organisations - section 3, Lincoln's vs. Johnson's Plans for Reconstruct, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Civil War, Reconstruction and Old West Review. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union. To assist Confederate prisoners in returning home safely. In actuality carpetbaggers were people who came down from the North to help freedmen and poor whites through the Freedmen's Bureau. In any event, these Northern carpetbaggers were viewed as outsiders and exploiters by many who formerly had been loyal to the Confederacy. In addition, the teacher should review the interactive maps included as part of this lesson and download the Text Document for Activity 1 and the Text Document for Activity 2, which will include all needed source material and worksheets. for freed slaves. Who did southern voters elect to office under the terms of presidential reconstruction? They passed two bills. Historically, scholars have defined Reconstruction as having lasted from 1865 (the end of the American Civil War) until 1877, when a political compromise between the Republican and Democrat parties allowed for Republican Rutherford B. Hayes to become President of the United States on the condition that the last remaining federal troops in the South be removed. Removing #book# Ulysses S. Grant, Gen Commander of the Union forces in the Civil War. Sharecropping practices kept many African Americans in working conditions that werent a significant improvement over slavery. States had to ratify the 13th & 14th amendment, and enacted Military Control of Reconstruction with the Military Reconstruction Act. The next century would see African Americans continuing to fight for the legal rights they had been granted and were rightfully entitled to. If this activity does not load, try refreshing your browser. Grant won the 1868 presidential election by a landslide in the Electoral College, but only won the popular vote by 300,000 ballots. was a negative term Southerners adopted and gave to opportunistic and speculative Northerners who moved to the South during the Reconstruction Era, often seen as frauds. [c5vk~a5T?, P[oFVB-"X7/S{+} 2b(RG,}ti\ Learning Objectives Evaluate the successes and Eph/LWNMK $r3R6W>44w9(Hct:@LN@@4H9O$T,\LuqDk9HMZ] 7l7{7eCUbMWmh"!baox]51Q"EF kRm'C*_@Q$VF*`C{:7v I"q{n]w)cqJ}q*6]d&5PhdSh3_|`k^Mq!U\:fqo,SI0L6-;jTS(WOC6"ZCx+5bo42+Pp;3:=BbXm)]IF The sentence contains at least one complement. vague-treason, bribery, or other high crimes or misdemeanors. President Ulysses S. Grant had been elected partly because he seemed to show promise of strong executive leadership, but also because he was viewed in the afterglow of his wartime success. This meant that Southern governments frequently were in the hands of novices: for example, inexperienced (and sometimes illiterate) freedmen andworse yet, from the point of view of many Southern loyalistsNortherners who had moved in the wake of war to assist in the recovery effort. There were many reasons for the unpopularity of Congressional Reconstruction in the South. Congress enacted its Reconstruction program over Johnson's veto. Gp}1:qr +sWg" ^8u1k^l2GPt%,}cAZwf? In many ways, we continue these struggles in our politics today. The period following the Civil War in which Congress passed laws designed to rebuild the country and bring Southern states back into the Union What was a What were the provisions of the first Reconstruction Act? 2. What were the problems faced by the south after the Civil War? Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends, Next RZhC 5. white violence, KKK, terrorizing blacks and those who supported them so they wouldn't vote. To the north, it looked like slavery in a new form. Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. The government would pay farmers to grow specific crops that were particularly in demand. In the Senate? one of the closest races in American history. Federal troops were removed from the Southern states and the Democratic majority was entrusted to protect and enforce the rights of African Americans. At every step, Congress intervened and put laws in place that circumvented and, in some cases, limited the Presidents authority. If the teachers students have little experience evaluating primary source documents, there are several websites that include activities to help students develop these skills. In addition to reviewing the text of the Fourteenth Amendment, each group will be assigned to cover one additional (but short) document and make a presentation to the class summarizing the views presented in it. Losing the Civil War meant that the South would have to conform to the laws of the United States. EDSITEment is a project of theNational Endowment for the Humanities, Smithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era, America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War, Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation, Excerpts from the testimony of Maddie Curtis, Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869, The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, Letter from President Ulysses S. Grant to the Hon. _Rd~HYzA?NMDDJHojx,zZ gk3pi:A2!I,8X^78ZrT]RruNx6 The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. In this sense Reconstruction failed not because of President Grant or even because of southern opposition to civil rights, but because an entire nation--North, South, and West--lost the political and moral will to support the cause of equality before the law. It tested the Constitution and resulted in a compromise that ended Reconstruction in America. Group A: Excerpts from the testimony of Maddie Curtis from Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States From Interviews with Former Slaves, North Carolina Narratives, 1937, Group B: Excerpt from Rev. What problems were faced by the freed slaves? Why of why not? Copy of Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Activity.docx, Karen-Hernandez_Evaluating_Reconstruction_Interactive_Activity, Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.docx, Janmarco Ordonez Romero - Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.pdf, Linh Ho - Reconstruction Notes Questions.docx, Deysha Macrae Reconstruction assignment.docx, HIS 121-W1 Ch. In Grants opposition to the Tenure of Office Act (passed during Johnsons term in 1867), which required Senate approval of all presidential appointments and dismissals, many believed that Grant evinced the kind of political fortitude necessary to set things aright. Which class in the New South had recovered political power from the carpetbaggers? What was the purpose of the Freedmens Bureau? Johnson and Secretary of War Edwin Stanton were bitter enemies, and the president wanted to get rid of him. Some of this language may be difficult for students to understand without some guidance. answer choices A monumental tomb in New York City was constructed in his honor as a result of what was the largest public fundraising campaign in history up to that time. Question 11 30 seconds Q. Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain, February 17, 1868 during the South Carolina Constitutional Convention, Excerpt from Senator Carl Schurz of Missouri, Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain. endstream endobj 119 0 obj <>stream Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. The Reconstruction Act was refined by subsequent legislation. All the of the African American were expelled in 1868 when whites said that the Constitution gave freedmen the right to vote, but never explicitly said they had the right to run for and hold an office because they were once slaves. Similarly, there were those in the South who turned their bitterness at losing the war into a default position of hostility to all efforts to move forward. Throughout his term, Johnson would try to use his Executive Branch appointments and role as Commander in Chief to try to resist Radical Reconstruction efforts being forwarded by the Republican-controlled Congress. Compose and turn in for a grade a 2-4 page brief for the historian in Activity 2 that more fully evaluates the views presented in the document covered by his or her group. It was approved by both houses in June 1866. Question 4 Who became president when Lincoln was assassinated? Ten Southern states were placed under the control of military leaders until such time as they passed the Fourteenth Amendment and put state constitutions in place that aligned with the United States Constitution. What limited African American freedom during Reconstruction? The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. Select all that apply. Johnson's policies. Formally defines citizenship and protects a person's civil and political rights from being abridged or denied by any state. Lincoln's plan was the easiest, and the Radical Republican Plan was the hardest on the South. Despite these violations of both the letter and spirit of his program, the president announced that Reconstruction was complete in December 1865. The thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendment were created during the twelve years of rebuilding the country. from your Reading List will also remove any ]~ys6i`>lp=xY9'X\eQS%'#H 'Id~ti+i0q>?5 xL*m18&) B:17R#Y#>\ Congress was divided among Radical, Moderate, and Conservative Republicans and Democrats. Were there any black governors in the South during Reconstruction? a form of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land, formally known as the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War. Both African Americans and whites were part of the carpetbagger migration. WebThe Reconstruction period lasted from 1865 to 1877. In early 1866, Congressional Republicans, appalled by mass killing of ex-slaves and adoption of restrictive black codes, seized control of Reconstruction from President Johnson. In February 1868, after months of investigation, the House voted to impeach the president, largely on the grounds that Johnson had violated the Tenure of Office Act in firing Edwin Stanton. 414 0 obj <> endobj In some cases these newcomers were motivated by noble sentiment, while others were merely out to seek their fortunes. HUMO@W o%T@EBQ6P}wwIJ/$7~\]1U 7d9c$y_M)8L%D/*rTPg2QL(Ies>U,;1Q8U#91 EbS Its members where southern whites that did not agree with the ideas of Reconstruction. wF.*is5oGYqUTsaqrY)$y, "beVv1=;"urk{k"56#UEli[EB9}qJ=YY@jOU{[89K,2M`` How did the Compromise of 1877 effectively end Reconstruction? and use your Reconstruction Notes to answer the questions below. More recent interpretations, however, offer a broader timeline for Reconstruction. Congress passed the Thirteenth Amendment in January 1865, formally outlawing slavery in the United States. Jabir ibn Hayyan replaced the.. of a misinformed philosophy with the rigors of objective experimentation. Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? Literacy tests were put into place requiring citizens to read difficult passages from legal documents in order to be able to vote. ;R5p c-Ncc:ey].Ai4d1]'M-azo!/,'Kx5,:aC;C .Qhg Congress established a joint committee to review Reconstruction policy and set further conditions for readmitting states. President Ulysses S. Grant presided over the waning days of Reconstruction. D 7. still conservative Republicans. Ryan read an exegesis of the cryptic poem because .. What is meant by the term Reconstruction? Essentially repudiating the 1857 Dred Scott decision, the amendment clearly states that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. It provides for due process and equal protection under the law. Did Congress like the 10% Plan? There were those who used their positions for exploitation. They were codes or rules created by southerners after the Civil War to restrict the new rights and freedoms of African American in the south. Blacks that did not have jobs could be put in jail, and therefore took the first job (even bad jobs) offered to them. Ex. It formally brought the Southern states back into the Union. Johnson denounced the Fourteenth Amendment and urged the southern states not to ratify it. Only in South Carolina. Segregation laws would sunset and have to be repealed within the next 20 years. What are the Constitutional Grounds for impeachment? 0. Use information gathered from the interactive maps to inform their understanding of the political, social, and economic problems confronting the nation in the wake of Reconstruction. He believed that there would be no benefit to punishing southern states. The long alliance between the women's movement and the abolitionist cause broke, and women struggled on their own for another half century for the right to vote. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. What were the economic beliefs of the Radical Republicans? [6O;},DLJ ^;4Orqb.:)O.FXl-%}ZXMHlxixt0CM@)Ymr3xQwv_D&?Qe2}=4#r"A: %QHW)/7+ "IG Economic Growth and Development 18151860, Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends. they became caught up in debt. instituted public school systems and did away with the property requirements for voting.
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