There are nine candidates on the ballot and if nobody gets more than 50%, the top two will head } It will coincide with the other 2023 Chicago elections, which include races for City Council, city clerk, and city treasurer. CHICAGO (WLS) -- A new poll in the Chicago mayoral race shows that with two weeks until the election, it is shaping up to be a three-person race. However, if a ballot has already been returned to the Board, "it cannot be retried of withdrawn.". He was the 2014 Democratic nominee for lieutenant governor. Mayoral candidates, top row from left: State Rep. Kam Buckner, U.S. Rep. Jess "Chuy" Garca, Mayor Lori Lightfoot, Ald. Heres a look at the nine candidates, one of whom will be running Chicago come spring. And according to the Board "tens of thousands" of mail-in-ballots are expected to come in on Election Day and shortly thereafter. font-size: 0.9em; .votebox_legend { Lightfoot became the first mayor of Chicago to lose a re-election bid since 1983 when Jane Byrne lost her primary.[3]. How to run for office | Complicating election night results is the surge in the number of Chicagoans voting by mail. With 11 days until Election Day, the race for mayor shows only five of the nine candidates polling in double figures and the number of undecided voters is shrinking. State Rep. Kam Buckner (Armando L. Sanchez / Chicago Tribune). 14 to arrive at the Board in order to be counted in the election, officials say. If they remain bunched up and there is no clear second place finisher on Election Night, we could see multiple requests for recounts which might not start until two to three weeks after the election. Updated February 26, 2023. If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, Independent Voters of Illinois Independent Precinct Organization, International Union of Elevator Constructors Local 2, Service Employees International Union Healthcare Illinois, Service Employees International Union Local 73. Source. . CHICAGO (WLS) -- But with a number of voters still reporting as "undecided" anything can happen. font-weight: bold; width: 100%; .results_row { color: #888; align-items:center; Polls will be posted here as they are made available. [22] She was first elected in 2019. Chicago Mayor Election Results 2023: Live Updates & Analysis All 2023 elections 22 results 20 results Mayor Lori Lightfoot failed to secure enough votes to earn "Any voter in Chicago can vote at any Early Voting site, no matter where they live in the city," the Chicago Board of Elections says. If you have requested a mail ballot but have not voted by mail, you may take your mail ballot to any early voting site, surrender the ballot, and then vote on a new ballot, in-person. Polls are showing a tight race to the finish, with Vallas, Garcia, Lightfoot, Johnson and Wilson all within striking distance of the top spots. . He worked as chief administrative officer at Chicago State University and was the CEO of Chicago Public Schools. FOX 32 Chicago. Read more here. } Many have sought to show their progressives bona fides, others say theyd be tougher on crime a dominant issue. Experts Weigh In, With Large Number of Mail-In Ballots, Full Results May Not Be On Election Night, An Endorsement Guide to the 2023 Chicago Mayoral Election, Should Chicago Bears Stay or Go? | overflow-y: hidden; No candidate in this race has completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. } margin-bottom:16px; If no candidate gets the required 50% majority of the vote, a runoff election will follow with the top two vote-getters. height: 22px; Chuy Garcia and Willie Wilson round out the top five, and no other candidate is in double figures. AARP Illinois' voter guide provides information on where, when and how to vote in this upcoming election. complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. } Copyright 2023 NBCUniversal Media, LLC. clearInterval(nTimer); With Harold Washingtons help, Garca won election as 22nd Ward Democratic committeeman in 1984. } But Vallas is now fending off new criticism because of his endorsement from the Chicago Fraternal Order of Police. For more on where candidates stand on issues, previous poll results, what candidates said during forums and more, visit our Chicago Mayoral Elections page. overflow-y: auto; Car dealership workers kidnapped, tortured in armed robbery: police, Woman buys new tires that turn out to be 9 years old. margin-bottom: 25px; Former schools chief Paul Vallas was the top vote-getter after making public safety central to his campaign. } a[aria-expanded=false] .fa-chevron-down { [1] The Chicago Fraternal Order of Police endorsed Vallas. . .results_table { If no candidate receives a majority of the votes in the Feb. 28 election in any race, then the top-two vote getters will advance to a runoff election that will take place on this date. While most of the attention has been focused on the nine candidates running for Chicago mayor, the Chicago City Council will also have a decidedly-new look in the new term, as a dozen incumbents arent running for reelection and several others are facing tough fights. @media only screen and (max-width: 600px) { MORE: Could Chicago Mayoral Election Count Last Well Into March? top: -1px; color:white; [23], Elections will be held for 22 newly-created police district councils, one for each of the city's police districts. } .results_row td { However, if no candidates on the ballot receives a majority of the votes this election in any race, voters will likely head to polls twice. Cook County Commissioner and Chicago mayoral candidate Brandon Johnson left, and former Chicago Public Schools CEO Paul Vallas celebrate after the first round of voting in Chicago on Feb. 28, 2013. Johnson worked as a teacher with Chicago Public Schools and as an organizer with the Chicago Teachers Union. font-size: 16px; .image-candidate-thumbnail-wrapper { position: absolute; Their candidacies represent opposite ends of the citys debate over how to tackle crime. } } display: table; Vallas and Johnson will face each other in a runoff election for Chicago mayor on April 4. Source1Source2. } border-top: 1px solid #ddd; background-color: #db0000; padding-bottom: 3px; [and] this tax-and-waste cycle that constitutes [Lightfoot's] budget process.. State legislature | } padding-bottom: 8px; left: 0; The latest poll in the Chicago mayoral race shows Paul Vallas' lead widening, but voters may not know who else makes the runoff for days. The FOP invited members to a scheduled visit by Florida Governor and presumed Republican presidential candidate Ron DeSantis, who is coming to Elmhurst on Monday, President's Day, to meet behind closed doors with law enforcement members. The congressman said the incumbent mayor has been too combative. width: 65px; } Nearly 210,000 people have requested those ballots, which can be postmarked as late as February 28. The latest Chicago mayoral poll shows a tight race between candidates Lori Lightfoot, Jesus "Chuy" Garcia and Paul Vallas ahead of Election Day. Former Chicago Police Board President Lori Lightfoot defeated Cook County Board of Commissioners President Toni Preckwinkle in the April 2, 2019, runoff election for mayor of Chicago, Illinois. } } Updated on: March 1, 2023 / 1:17 PM / CBS Chicago. If no candidate receives a majority of votes, a runoff election will be held on April 4, 2023. and an M.A. [7], Lightfoot became Chicago's first female African-American mayor and first openly gay mayor.[8]. Here are the questions, and which precincts will vote on them. Sophia King, 4th (Armando L. Sanchez / Chicago Tribune). Chicago Mayoral Election: Latest poll shows Paul Vallas widening lead, no clear 2nd place candidate Voters may not know who else makes the runoff for days after We profiled each candidate in an effort to give you a fuller picture of who is going to be on your ballot come election day. Vallas focused on public safety. width: 100% display: block; [24] The district councils were created by a police reform ordinance passed in July 2021. .race_header.libertarian { width: 90%; Johnson took part in a community forum in Austin, where he and Sophia King were pushing the importance of equity. The number of precincts within each of the city's 50 wards ranged from 23 precincts in the 12th Ward to 57 in the 19th Ward. With early voting sites now open in all 50 wards, Congressman Garcia casted his ballot on Tuesday morning as another poll shows a tight race heading down the stretch. The amounts listed may not represent the total satellite spending in the election. Also Tuesday, Wilson spoke at the City Club and unveiled his public safety plan. I was exhausted., Do Not Sell/Share My Personal Information. } z-index:1; Nine people are on the Feb. 28 ballot for mayor of Chicago, including Lori Lightfoot, who is aiming to land her second term after four years in office marked by crises and challenge, and eight others who are trying to unseat her. Johnson received 20.3% of the vote in the general election. overflow-y: hidden; It is a civil right, and it is the principle responsibility of government. He previously ran for mayor in 2019 until withdrawing amid a challenge to his signatures and remains the youngest candidate during this election cycle. Nine candidates will face off: Mayor Lori Lightfoot; millionaire businessman Willie Wilson; two retiring alderpersons, Sophia King (4th) and Roderick Sawyer (6th); Illinois state Rep. Kam Buckner; Cook County Commissioner Brandon Johnson; former Chicago Public Schools CEO Paul Vallas; U.S. Rep. Jesus Chuy Garcia; and community activist JaMal Green. color: #fff; It's important to note, however, that if you wanted to complete the registration process online, the deadline to do so for the Feb. 28 election was Feb. 12. In all, 12 members of the City Council will not be seeking reelection, with several more defending seats that theyve only recently been appointed to. Mayor Lori Lightfoot shocked Chicagos political establishment in 2019 when she defeated Cook County Board President Toni Preckwinkle in a landslide. } The poll, conducted by M3 Strategies earlier this week, shows Vallas ahead with 32% of the vote, but the next three candidates are well within striking distance of a second-place finish, and a spot in an April 4 runoff. We're running hard everywhere, doing our work to make sure that we are reaching voters, encouraging them to express themselves by going to the polls and voting.". background-color: #003388; 2023 Chicago Mayoral Election: Latest poll shows tight race between Lightfoot, Garcia and Vallas. "It could take, 2, 3, 4 days to really get a sense of how many vote-by-mail ballots that we've got and when we know that they'll be counted," Bever said. The following table displays demographic data provided by the United States Census Bureau. Apply today! Ald. Johnson received a B.A. Johnson and Vallas are both Democrats. Click here to contact us for media inquiries, and please donate here to support our continued expansion. Five days before the 2019 municipal election, 79,455 ballots had been cast, with vote-by-mail ballots making up just over 18,000 of them. .electionsectionheading { Photo: Scott Olson/Getty Images. .outer_percentage { .inner_percentage.Libertarian { Whether you've cast your ballot for the election or not, here's a breakdown of what to know ahead of Feb. 28. Please note that this list is not exhaustive. The 2023 Chicago Mayoral Election is just four days away. He was appointed CEO of Chicago Public Schools by Mayor Richard M. Daley and filled that role from 1995 to 2001. Ja'Mal Green. .mw-body #mw-content-text th.votebox-results-cell--text { But not his teammates. }) text-align: left; Since joining the mayoral race, Buckner, a self-styled progressive Democrat, has been steadily rolling out policy proposals, including improving CTA service and safety, boosting the citys environmental commitments, and filling vacancies at Chicago Police Department. border: 1px solid #DDDDDD; width: 100%; line-height: 1.5em; Satellite spending describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. After a crime surge, Chicago voters have ousted their current mayor. "[2] The CTU endorsed Johnson. Incumbent City Treasurer Melissa Conyears-Ervin is running uncontested for reelection. While residents are used to voting for citywide offices and for members of the City Council in off-year elections, this years ballot will include a new series of offices, as district councils will be elected in each of Chicagos 22 police districts. Chicago 2023 mayoral election: Former schools chief, teachers union organizer headed to runoff With nearly all precincts reporting, former Chicago schools Sophia King, Ald. Born in Durango, Mexico, Garca was a young proteg of Latino community activist Rudy Lozano, who was a budding political star before he was killed by a gang member. background-color: #6db24f; Roderick Sawyer. background-color: #003388; All early voting locations, along with the city's election Supersite, at 191 N. Clark St., will be open onElection Day on Feb 28. $('.collapse').collapse('hide'); height: 100%; In the days leading up to Election Day, almost nothing is certain. Some mayoral candidates dismiss Lightfoot's claim race is down to her, Vallas, Latest poll suggests Vallas has solid lead, Lightfoot is struggling. Every single child in the city gets to have their needs met. ", "City Council Approves Elected Board to Oversee Chicago Police with 36-13 Vote", "Chicago residents can run for a seat on the newly-created police District Councils The TRiiBE", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2023_Chicago_elections&oldid=1138650946, February 2023 events in the United States, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 10 February 2023, at 20:52. Roderick Sawyer and Rep. Jess Chuy Garca. }) position: relative; . As of 2015, its population was 2.7 million.[10]. .inner_percentage, .inner_percentage.Nonpartisan, .inner_percentage.Independent, .inner_percentage.Constitution, .inner_percentage.unknown { Former Chicago Public Schools CEO Paul Vallas (Armando L. Sanchez / Chicago Tribune). According to a city-run website, the councils will aim to build connections between police and communities, while also developing and implementing community policing initiatives. Incumbent Rahm Emanuel, first elected in 2011, announced in September 2018 he would not run for a third term as mayor of the nation's third-largest city. In a statement, Vallas distanced himself from DeSantis, saying: "I wholeheartedly agree with Governor Pritzker that there is simply no place in Chicago for a right-wing extremist like Ron DeSantis, and I am disappointed in FOP leadership for inviting him to speak to officers.". Latest poll shows tight race between Lightfoot, Garcia and Vallas. } Copyright 2023 WLS-TV. Brandon Johnson has served in the Cook County Board of Commissioners since 2018, when he defeated incumbent Richard Boykin in the 1st District that covers the western suburbs and West Side of Chicago. The following key messages were curated by Ballotpedia staff. In this form of municipal government, the city council serves as the city's primary legislative body and the mayor serves as the city's chief executive. This year however, mail-in-ballots total 84,544. All 50 seats in the City Council are up for election. I do believe that. Brandon Johnson and Paul Vallas are running in the general runoff election for Mayor of Chicago on April 4, 2023. He was a teacher with Chicago Public Schools and an organizer with the Chicago Teachers Union (CTU). This section includes a timeline of events leading up to the election. .mw-content-ltr td.votebox-results-cell--text, padding-bottom: 0px; All rights reserved, Indiana State Trooper Struck and Killed by Suspect During Police Chase, Chicago FOP Lodge Reelects John Catanzara as President, Could Chicago Mayoral Election Count Last Well Into March? Bottom row, from left: Activist Ja'Mal Green, Cook County Commissioner Brandon Johnson, former Chicago Public Schools CEO Paul Vallas, businessman Willie Wilson. "It is well past time that we disrupt and destroy this tale of two cities and usher in a better, stronger safer Chicago," Johnson said. .non_result_row div { } [4][5], If available, satellite spending reports by the Federal Election Commission (FEC) and OpenSecrets.org are linked below. .image-candidate-thumbnail { } Coming Up: NBC 5 is hosting a Chicago Mayoral Forum with all nine mayoral candidates on Feb. 13. The map below shows results for the 2015 general and runoff elections by precinct as well as vote total differences between the two elections. } "The next 10 days will be critical," Garcia said. | . Those ballots can be submitted until midnight on Election Day, and so long as they are postmarked by Feb. 28, they can be counted as long as they are received by March 14. Car dealership workers kidnapped, tortured in armed robbery: police, Woman buys new tires that turn out to be 9 years old. Ballotpedia is seeking 100 percent Click here to contact our editorial staff, and click here to report an error. The 2023 candidates for mayor of Chicago By Chicago Tribune staff Jan 31, 2023 at 1:19 pm Expand Mayoral candidates, top row from left: State Rep. Kam Buckner, He served as superintendent of school districts in Philadelphia, New Orleans, and Bridgeport, Conn., from 2002 to 2014. font-weight: 100; }, 100); padding: 15px 15px 5px 15px; CHICAGO MAYORAL ELECTION | Some mayoral candidates dismiss Lightfoot's claim race is down to her, Vallas. position: relative; } The new councils, formed as part of a City Council effort to improve police oversight and accountability, will consist of three individuals elected in each police district, according to officials. If you are aware of other links that should be included, please email us. } To notify us of additional satellite spending, email us. } } Roderick Sawyer, 6th (Armando L. Sanchez / Chicago Tribune). [11], Candidates who expressed interest but ultimately declined to run include Arne Duncan (former U.S. Secretary of Education),[12][13][14] Mike Quigley (U.S. Representative from Illinois's 5th congressional district),[15] and John Catanzara (president of Lodge 7 of the Fraternal Order of Police). Any mail-in- ballots votes that come in before Monday will be included in the tally on Election Night. And, it could come down to who does the best job of getting their supporters to the polls over the next two weeks. This section lists noteworthy endorsements issued in this election, including those made by high-profile individuals and organizations, cross-party endorsements, and endorsements made by newspaper editorial boards. } text-align: center; margin: 8px auto; Biography: Johnson received a B.A. "We're going to be up competing for all of those voters in the next few days.". Chicago mayoral candidate Ja'Mal Green attends a vigil outside Benito Juarez High School in December. Here's how to watch. padding-left: 10px; font-size: 12px; Public policy. There was no honeymoon period for me, Lightfoot said last year. Johnson is the son of a pastor and worked as a social studies teacher at Edward Jenner Academy in Cabrini Green until 2010. padding-bottom: 5px; .inner_percentage.Democratic { top: -5px; A complete list of polling places by ward and precinct can also be foundhere. font-weight: 300; He was elected to the Cook County Board of Commissioners as a Democrat in 2018. The results have been certified. While referendums and ballot questions are a key component to any election, in the city of Chicago there will only be a limited number of queries posed to voters this February, and they will all be non-binding. "Even if it's just two people who are close, there'll be a discovery recount and then an election contest possible, which means you're not going to know who number two is for two or three weeks," Odelson said. background: #4c4c4c; If you are aware of any debates or forums that should be included, please email us. margin: 5px 0 5px 0; Early voting is underway. Such referendums are non-binding, and are only intended to give officials an idea of what residents in a particular community are seeking to achieve. Vallas, a former CEO of Chicago Public Schools, said his years of experience at the top of CPS and other major school districts around the country make him well-suited to fix the citys problems. .question-scroll-container { In 2015, Rahm Emanuel won reelection in a runoff as he defeated Jess Chuy Garca, and in 2019, current Mayor Lori Lightfoot won election to office when she defeated Cook County Board President Toni Preckwinkle. Results in the election are due to be certified by March 21, and if a candidate finishes within 5% of the top-two spots in the race, then they would be legally allowed to request a recount, according to election experts. Now, with the mayor of the third-largest U.S. city facing the possibility of an early reelection defeat, the results of Feb. 28 could be historic once again, but this time in a very different way. } It might take some time after election night to call some of these races, even the mayors race, Max Bever of the Chicago Board of Elections told NBC Chicago. } } The election is officially nonpartisan, with its winner being elected to a f McCulloch said he does not expect the numbers will change much between now and Election Day, which is shaping up to be a runoff between Paul Vallas and whoever can pull off second place. float: left; color: #aaa; .votebox-results-cell--number { Sophia King, state Rep. Kam Buckner, businessman Willie Wilson, Cook County Commissioner Brandon width: 50px; The 2019 race was Chicago's fourth open mayoral race in 100 years. .race_header.republican { background-color: #ccc; This section includes candidate profiles created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff compiled a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. display: none; Sophia King Announces Run for Mayor, Promising 'Collaboration' Not 'Confrontation', "Ja'Mal Green Joins Race for Mayor, Becoming 2nd Progressive Challenger to Lightfoot", "Former schools chief Paul Vallas is running for Chicago mayor again", "Cook County Commissioner Brandon Johnson says he is running for Chicago mayor", "Congressman Jesus 'Chuy' Garcia announces run for mayor of Chicago", "Arne Duncan cracks the door open to 2023 race for mayor against Lightfoot", "Duncan signals new interest in race against Lightfoot", "U.S. Rep. Mike Quigley he won't run for Chicago mayor in 2023", "Chicago FOP President John Catanzara says he won't challenge Lightfoot in 2023 mayoral election", "Chicago mayoral election: Lightfoot challengers could launch campaigns soon, sources say", "Lightfoot's troubles put her under harsh spotlight as office she holds becomes shadow of what it was", "Clobbered in race for Illinois secretary of state, Valencia will seek reelection as city clerk", "City Clerk Anna Valencia Assured 2nd Term After No Challengers Enter Race", "City Treasurer Melissa Conyears-Ervin Is Unopposed For 2nd Term As City's Top Banker", "Redrawing Chicago wards map sets off battle between Black, Latino caucuses", "Interested in Serving on a District Council? The deadline for that is March 21, although the Board of Elections is hoping to get that done by March 15. State and local courts | } Buckner, chairman of the Black Caucus in the Illinois House of Representatives, said his campaign is focused on instilling trust in city government, improving Chicago Public Schools and reducing violent crime. margin-bottom: 0px; Brandon Johnson and Paul Vallas ran in the April 4, 2023, runoff election for mayor of Chicago, Illinois. padding-bottom: 8px; CHICAGO Chicago voters are heading to the polls Tuesday in a competitive, nine-candidate race for mayor that has centered on crime and policing in a city overwhelmed by gun violence. He can shoot it., Justin Steele and 6 Chicago Cubs relievers combine for the 1st spring training no-hitter in franchise history, Leah Palmer experiences grand time as Geneva grinds out victory in Class 4A third-place game. Vallas served as executive director of the Illinois Economic and Fiscal Commission; Chicago city revenue director; and Chicago city budget director. Ald. Chicago Board of Elections operates a digital tool to allow you to do so. "She's spent over close to a million dollars attacking me for the past month and a half. } max-width: 75px; New Poll Shows Residents' Strong Opinions, Here's' the full list of voting locations and hours. .panel-body { Lori Lightfoot defeated Toni Preckwinkle in the general runoff election for Mayor of Chicago on April 2, 2019. .answer-photo-container { } The last Republican mayor of Chicago, William Thompson, left office in 1931. Sophia King hopes to defuse tension in city, JaMal Green says city needs a leader who can offer residents hope. .votebox-scroll-container { margin: 0 !important; Details on each candidate and where they stand on major issues can be found here. Incumbent Mayor Lori Lightfoot is eligible to run for re-election, as there are no term limits for the office. } Copyright 2023 NBCUniversal Media, LLC. In Chicago, voters have cast their ballots in the races for mayor, alderperson, and police district councils. If you are aware of a website that should be included, please email us. Chicago mayoral candidates Brandon Johnson and Paul Vallas speak at separate election night events in Chicago on Feb. 28, 2023. margin-bottom: .75em; Roderick Sawyer and Rep. Jess Chuy Garca. That election is slated to take place on April 4, if necessary. } Johnson may have a 4.4% lead on Lightfoot in that polling, but its still within the margin of error, with Garca close behind. width: 50px; And while the polls show Lightfoot losing the runoff to any of the other top four candidates, he offered this insight: "I don't believe the mayor is in the front running right now, but I do think that she's viable to be in the runoff. margin: 0px 10px; The latest Chicago mayoral poll shows a tight race between candidates Lori Lightfoot, Jesus "Chuy" Garcia and Paul Vallas ahead of Election Day. .inner_percentage.CrossFiled { width: 35px !important; However, as long as a ballot is post marked by Feb. 28, the ballot has up until Mar. The profiles are part of ourelection hub, where youll also finda quizthatll pair you with the candidate who aligns with your values,a mock up of what your ballot will look like and much more. A former City Hall insider who has campaigned as both an expert administrator and outside-the-box thinker, Paul Vallas rose to local prominence as Chicago Public Schools CEO, serving under Mayor Richard M. Daley. Interns wanted: Get paid to help ensure that every voter has unbiased election information. Read more here. Elections will be held for Mayor of Chicago, City Clerk of Chicago, City Treasurer of The 2023 race for Chicago mayor has attracted a wide-ranging and still-growing field of challengers across the political spectrum. Will Burns. width: 100%; Voters in Chicago cast their ballots Tuesday for mayor, alderman, city treasurer, clerk and representatives on police district councils. If no one gets more than 50% of the vote on Feb. 28, a runoff between the top two will take place April 4, with inauguration set for May. Its very, very possible that we could have discovery recounts to see who comes in second, to see who is entitled to run on April 4, he says. She was elected mayor in 2019, defeating Toni Preckwinkle 74% to 26% in a runoff election after advancing from a 14-candidate general election field. Think about that. Paul Vallas, Jesus "Chuy" Garcia, and Lori Lightfoot are still battling it out for the right to move on to the runoff election in April. Read more here. Willie Wilson has dropped to single digits at 6.4%, while 14% remain undecided. $(".expand-all").on('click', () => { If you want to verify your polling place, thentheChicago Board of Elections operates a digital tool to allow you to do so. MORE: With Large Number of Mail-In Ballots, Full Results May Not Be On Election Night. Sophia King, State Rep. Kam Buckner, Willie The finances of this city belong to the people of the city. . margin-top: 1em; padding: 20px; letter-spacing: .04em; To repopulate South and West Side communities, Green suggests the city issue $1 billion in annual revenue bonds to create up to 10,000 new homeowners through assistance with down payments and closing costs.
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